Introduction to FLASH chip The difference between original film and black and white film
- Categories:媒体报道
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- 2014.12.03
(Summary description)The level standard of flash memory is formulated by flash memory chip manufacturers, and there is currently no national standard in China.
Introduction to FLASH chip The difference between original film and black and white film
- 2014-12-03
The level standard of flash memory is formulated by flash memory chip manufacturers, and there is currently no national standard in China.
The best ones are A+, then A and B. In terms of read and write times, speed, power consumption, etc., A+-class chips of the same specification are better than A-class chips, and A-class chips are better than B-class chips.
The industry standard evaluation standard for the level is mainly the number of flash writes/per unit, and the use of A-level Flash chips is 100,000 times/per storage unit. In addition, A-level Flash chips also have a low bad block rate. In the industry, a Flash with a bad block rate lower than 5% is called A-level Flash, and a Flash with a bad block rate higher than 5% is called B-level Flash.
There are hundreds or thousands of chips on a wafer. After the wafer is produced, it must be tested and marked with bad marks; manufacturers who buy bare chips buy back uncut wafers and cut and bond them by themselves, and mark them as not. A good die is discarded; another outlet for a tested wafer is to be sent for dicing and packaging, which is what we see as a die with pins, marked as bad at the packaging stage chips will also be discarded. Usually the formal test process is very time-consuming, which increases the cost. Some fabs will sell untested wafers to manufacturers who need bare chips, and the latter will test them themselves. For the latter, you can buy them cheaper. However, the manufacturers who buy untested Jingyuan usually do not have good test equipment, and at the same time reduce the test items to save money, so that some dies that could not pass in the semiconductor factory are used in the final product, resulting in poor product quality. Stablize.
Simply put, the concept of black chip is mainly used for chips, and the concept of white chip is used for both chips and flash memory cards. Black chips refer to the defective products selected by the chip factory, which are not marked with the factory logo, and the chips of the chip model. Such chips are circulated to the market through various channels. Now many large U disk manufacturers purchase a large number of chips. Factory selection The chips with many bad blocks are processed by technology and made into products to reduce their cost! The quality of the white film is a little better than the black film, and it is artificially marked with various labels! But not the real factory mark! At the same time, the white chip can also refer to the white card, that is, the flash memory card with nothing on the surface. Generally speaking, in the flash memory industry, there are black, white and neutral cards. The so-called black chip mainly refers to the flash chip that is not marked with lightning on the surface, such as the SLC chip of K9K 8G08U0A-PCB0, without this model, it is a black chip. The white film mainly refers to the flash memory card with nothing on the surface, and there is no indication of what kind of card it is. Neutral card refers to a flash memory card with the words Micro SD, SD, etc. on the surface, but without the LOGO of a designated brand.
At present, black and white films are popular in the market. They are all types of Downgrade Flash. Due to the improvement of Flash process and capacity, the internal composition is becoming more and more complicated. When the new process is launched, the product yield is not necessarily ideal. Some of those defective Flashes have insufficient capacity, some cannot meet the requirements of life, and some cannot pass the test. These Flashes that cannot meet the factory requirements are called Downgrade Flash. . Some Downgrade Flash are introduced to the market by manufacturers, such as Spectech, which is Micron's Downgrade Flash. The other part is eliminated as waste products, but driven by profit, these waste products will also be purchased at low prices and flow into the market. Some manufacturers use various solutions of scanning tools (Soting Board) to check which ones can be used. These manufacturers purchase Flash and recycle them by kilograms. They scan through dozens of Soting Boards and thousands of Soting Boards at the same time, with a production capacity of hundreds of kilograms per day. Most Downgrade Flash is made into SD card, a few are used for U disk, and very few manufacturers are used to produce MP3. Most of the processing methods of Downgrade Flash are to sell at a reduced capacity. No matter how you deal with it, there are still hidden problems. But the market for Downgrade Flash is growing further due to its low price.
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